A karshen shekarar 1995, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ware ranar 24 ga Maris a matsayin ranar cutar tarin fuka ta duniya.
1 Fahimtar tarin fuka
Tuberculosis (TB) cuta ce da ta daɗe tana cinyewa, kuma ana kiranta "cutar abinci".Cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta hanyar kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka ta mycobacterium da ke mamaye jikin mutum.Shekaru, jima'i, launin fata, sana'a da yanki ba su shafe shi ba.Yawancin gabobin jiki da tsarin jikin mutum na iya fama da cutar tarin fuka, daga cikinsu akwai tarin fuka.
Tarin fuka cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cutar ta Mycobacterium tarin fuka, wacce ke mamaye sassan jikin gaba daya.Domin wurin kamuwa da cuta na kowa shine huhu, ana kiranta da tarin fuka.
Fiye da kashi 90% na kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka ana yada ta ta hanyar numfashi.Masu fama da cutar tarin fuka suna kamuwa da tari, atishawa, suna yin ƙara mai ƙarfi, suna haifar da ɗigon ɗigo masu ɗauke da tarin fuka (wanda ake kira microdroplets) a fitar da su daga jiki kuma mutane masu lafiya su shaka.
2 Maganin masu cutar tarin fuka
Maganin ƙwayoyi shine ginshiƙin maganin tarin fuka.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, maganin tarin fuka na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.Don tarin fuka mai aiki, dole ne a sha magungunan rigakafin tarin fuka na akalla watanni 6 zuwa 9.Ƙayyadaddun magunguna da lokacin jiyya sun dogara ne akan shekarun majiyyaci, lafiyar gaba ɗaya da juriya na ƙwayoyi.
Lokacin da marasa lafiya suka yi tsayayya da magungunan layi na farko, dole ne a maye gurbinsu da magungunan layi na biyu.Magungunan da aka fi amfani da su don maganin tarin fuka marasa jurewa sun haɗa da isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EB), pyrazinamide (PZA) da streptomycin (SM).Wadannan kwayoyi guda biyar ana kiransu magungunan farko kuma suna da tasiri ga fiye da kashi 80% na sabbin masu cutar tarin fuka.
3 Tambayoyi da amsa cutar tarin fuka
Tambaya: Za a iya warkar da cutar tarin fuka?
A: 90% na marasa lafiya da tarin fuka za a iya warkar da su bayan sun dage da shan magani na yau da kullum kuma sun kammala tsarin da aka tsara (watanni 6-9).Duk wani canjin magani yakamata likita ya yanke shawara.Idan ba ku sha maganin akan lokaci ba kuma ku kammala aikin jiyya, zai iya haifar da juriya na tarin fuka cikin sauƙi.Da zarar juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya faru, tsarin jiyya zai tsawaita kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar jiyya cikin sauƙi.
Tambaya: Menene ya kamata majinyatan tarin fuka su kula yayin jiyya?
A: Da zarar an tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka, ya kamata a rika samun maganin cutar tarin fuka da wuri-wuri, a bi shawarar likita, a sha magani a kan lokaci, a rika dubawa akai-akai da kuma kara karfin gwiwa.1. Kula da hutawa da ƙarfafa abinci mai gina jiki;2. Kula da tsaftar mutum, da rufe baki da hanci da tawul na takarda lokacin tari ko atishawa;3. Rage fita waje da sanya abin rufe fuska lokacin da za ku fita.
Tambaya: Shin cutar tarin fuka har yanzu tana yaduwa bayan an warke?
A: Bayan daidaitaccen magani, kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka na huhu yakan ragu da sauri.Bayan makonni da yawa na jiyya, adadin kwayoyin cutar tarin fuka a cikin sputum zai ragu sosai.Yawancin marasa lafiya masu fama da tarin fuka marasa kamuwa da cutar sun kammala duk tsarin jiyya bisa ga tsarin da aka tsara.Bayan an kai matsayin magani, ba za a iya samun kwayoyin cutar tarin fuka a cikin sputum ba, don haka ba su da yaduwa.
Tambaya: Shin cutar tarin fuka har yanzu tana yaduwa bayan an warke?
A: Bayan daidaitaccen magani, kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka na huhu yakan ragu da sauri.Bayan makonni da yawa na jiyya, adadin kwayoyin cutar tarin fuka a cikin sputum zai ragu sosai.Yawancin marasa lafiya masu fama da tarin fuka marasa kamuwa da cutar sun kammala duk tsarin jiyya bisa ga tsarin da aka tsara.Bayan an kai matsayin magani, ba za a iya samun kwayoyin cutar tarin fuka a cikin sputum ba, don haka ba su da yaduwa.
Maganin tarin fuka
Macro & Micro-Test yana ba da samfuran masu zuwa:
GanewaMTB (Mycobacterium tarin fuka) nucleic acid
1. Gabatarwa na kula da ingancin kulawa na ciki a cikin tsarin na iya sa ido sosai kan tsarin gwaji da tabbatar da ingancin gwaji.
2. Ana iya haɗa haɓakawa na PCR da bincike mai kyalli.
3. Babban hankali: ƙananan iyakar ganowa shine 1 kwayoyin / ml.
Ganewaisoniazid juriya a cikin MTB
1. Gabatarwa na kula da ingancin kulawa na ciki a cikin tsarin na iya sa ido sosai kan tsarin gwaji da tabbatar da ingancin gwaji.
2. An yi amfani da tsarin haɓakawa na haɓaka haɓakawa-tarewa, kuma an ɗauki hanyar haɗa fasahar ARMS tare da bincike mai kyalli.
3. Babban hankali: ƙarancin ganowa shine 1000 ƙwayoyin cuta / ml, kuma ana iya gano nau'ikan juriya marasa daidaituwa tare da nau'ikan mutant 1% ko fiye.
4. Babban ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai: Babu giciye tare da maye gurbi na (511, 516, 526 da 531) wuraren juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi guda huɗu na kwayoyin rpoB.
Gano maye gurbi naMTB da Rifampicin Resistance
1. Gabatarwa na kula da ingancin kulawa na ciki a cikin tsarin na iya sa ido sosai kan tsarin gwaji da tabbatar da ingancin gwaji.
2. Hanyar narkewar haɗe tare da rufaffiyar bincike mai ɗauke da sansanonin RNA an yi amfani da ita don gano haɓakawa a cikin vitro.
3. Babban hankali: ƙananan iyakar ganowa shine 50 kwayoyin / ml.
4. Babban ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai: babu giciye tare da kwayoyin halittar ɗan adam, sauran ƙwayoyin cuta na mycobacteria marasa tuberculous da cututtukan huhu;An gano wuraren maye gurbi na wasu kwayoyin halittar tarin fuka na daji masu jure wa magunguna, irin su katG 315G>C\A da InhA -15 C>T, kuma sakamakon bai nuna wani abu ba.
1. Gabatarwa na kula da ingancin kulawa na ciki a cikin tsarin na iya sa ido sosai kan tsarin gwaji da tabbatar da ingancin gwaji.
2. Ana amfani da hanyar haɓaka yanayin zafin jiki akai-akai, kuma lokacin ganowa gajere ne, kuma ana iya samun sakamakon ganowa a cikin mintuna 30.
3. Haɗe tare da Macro & Micro-Test samfurin saki wakili da Macro & Micro-Test yawan zafin jiki na nucleic acid amplification analyzer, yana da sauƙin aiki kuma ya dace da al'amuran daban-daban.
4. Babban hankali: ƙananan iyakacin ganowa shine 1000Copies / ml.
5. Babban ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar cuta: Babu wani haɗin kai tare da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta na mycobacteria waɗanda ba tarin fuka ba (irin su Mycobacterium kansas, Mycobacterium Sukarnica, Mycobacterium marinum, da sauransu) da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta (irin su Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, da sauransu). .).
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 22-2024