Sauye-sauyen KRAS 8

An gano maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halittar KRAS a cikin nau'ikan ciwon daji na ɗan adam da dama, kimanin kashi 17% ~ 25% na yawan maye gurbi a cikin ƙari, kashi 15% ~ 30% na yawan maye gurbi a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon daji na huhu, kashi 20% ~ 50% na yawan maye gurbi a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon daji na hanji. Saboda furotin na P21 da kwayar halittar K-ras ta ƙunsa yana ƙasa da hanyar siginar EGFR, bayan maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halittar K-ras, hanyar siginar da ke ƙasa koyaushe tana aiki kuma magungunan da aka yi niyya a sama ba sa shafar su, wanda ke haifar da ci gaba da yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa. Sauye-sauye a cikin kwayar halittar K-ras gabaɗaya yana ba da juriya ga masu hana EGFR tyrosine kinase a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon daji na huhu da kuma juriya ga magungunan anti-EGFR a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon daji na hanji. A shekara ta 2008, Cibiyar Kula da Ciwon Daji ta Kasa (NCCN) ta fitar da wata ka'ida ta aikin asibiti don cutar kansar hanji, wadda ta nuna cewa wuraren maye gurbi da ke haifar da kunna K-ras galibi suna cikin codons 12 da 13 na exon 2, kuma ta ba da shawarar cewa duk marasa lafiya da ke da ciwon daji na hanji mai tsanani za a iya gwada su don maye gurbi na K-ras kafin a yi musu magani. Saboda haka, gano maye gurbi na kwayoyin halittar K-ras cikin sauri da daidaito yana da matukar muhimmanci a cikin jagorar magunguna na asibiti. Wannan kayan aikin yana amfani da DNA a matsayin samfurin ganowa don samar da kimantawa mai inganci na matsayin maye gurbi, wanda zai iya taimaka wa likitoci wajen tantance cutar kansar hanji, cutar kansar huhu da sauran marasa lafiya da ke cin gajiyar magunguna da aka yi niyya. Sakamakon gwajin kayan aikin don amfani ne kawai kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da shi azaman tushen magani na musamman ga marasa lafiya ba. Ya kamata likitocin asibiti su yanke hukunci mai zurfi kan sakamakon gwajin bisa ga abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin majiyyaci, alamun magani, amsawar magani da sauran alamun gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje.